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HomeMy WebLinkAboutItem 04 Released December 2016 | Communities for a Lifetime City Profile | Lakeville, Minnesota | 1 COMMUNITIES FOR A LIFETIME CITY PROFILE LAKEVILLE, MINNESOTA ABOUT THIS REPORT This City Profile was prepared by Dakota County’s Communities for a Lifetime (CFL) Initiative —an initiative engaging community members and leaders in the private and public sectors to create accessible, supportive Communities for a Lifetime that enable people to lead active vital lives. Dakota County and individual cities work together in many areas to make communities more age - friendly. We work together on housing, public safety, transportation, workforce issues, and many other areas. The population is aging. This is true across the nation, across the state, and in most communities in Minnesota. The shape and way of life in our communities needs to reflect this changing demographic landscape. Fortunately, people of any age desire similar things. They want to live in a community that is safe, affordable, and convenient, and that offers services and amenities that meet their needs, and opportunities that enrich their lives. But as people age, certain community characteristics are essential to a vital life. This profile reviews some of these features at the community level using reliable and accessible data from reputable sources. WHAT MAKES A COMMUNITY FOR A LIFETIME? ● Transportation options to help keep people mobile and independent ● Walkable neighborhoods for transport and exercise ● A full range of affordable housing options as needs change ● Accessible and quality services that support older adults and caregivers in home and community settings ● Flexible and supportive employment and volunteer opportunities, including intergenerational activities ● Effective technology to connect people and help with life’s activities IS YOUR CITY BUILDING A COMMUNITY FOR A LIFETIME? ● Does your Comprehensive Plan present a plan and a vision for residents of all ages? ● Do your land use, housing, and transportation policies take the needs of an aging population into account? ● Are you realizing the competitive advantage of healthy, vital, and engaged older residents? Released December 2016 | Communities for a Lifetime City Profile | Lakeville, Minnesota | 2 Population – page 3 Overall Livability – page 4 Boomers in 2014 Age 65+ in 2014 AARP Livability Index Score (0-100) 19.9% 6.4% 58 Housing – page 5 Home Owners 65+ Spending 30% or More in 2014 Renters 65+ Spending 30% or More in 2014 Subsidized Rentals per 100 People Age 75-84 Housing Performance Score in 2006 - 2015 (0-100) 26% 64% 25 77 Assisted Living Units per 100 People Age 85+ Memory Care Units per 100 People Age 85+ Non-Single Family Homes in 2015 Homes with Single Level Living Option in 2014 7 16 28% 24% Mobility – page 12 Annual Household Transportation Costs in 2008 - 2012 City-Wide Walk Score in 2016 (0-100) Mixed-Use Area Walk Score in 2016 (0-100) Percent of Streets with Sidewalks or Trails in 2015 $14,685 14 44 28% Daily Fixed Route Public Transit Door-to-Door Transit Volunteer Driver Program Traffic Crashes per 1,000 People 65+ in 2014 Yes Yes Yes 26.5 Land Use – page 17 Mixed-Use Land in 2010 Number of Parks within ½ Mile Radius Number of Grocery Stores in ½ Mile Radius 0. 05% 2.2 0.1 Community Life – page 20 Age 65+ in Labor Force in 2014 Age 65+ Volunteer Hrs. in 2014 Age 65+ Living Alone in 2014 Change in Crime 2010 to 2015 26.5% 89,425 21% ̶ 16.9% Age-Friendly Policies – page 24 Accessory Dwelling Policy Complete Streets Policy Mixed Use Land Development Policy Bike Walk Policy Yes No No No (All data presented in this one page overview is from 2013 unless otherwise noted.) Released December 2016 | Communities for a Lifetime City Profile | Lakeville, Minnesota | 3 POPULATION AGING OF THE POPULATION The Baby Boom generation, born between 1946 and 1964, now age 50 to 68, represents a large percentage of the population. As they age, many Boomers will want to remain in the community where they currently live. Cities that recognize and respond positively to the aging population can gain a competitive advantage by meeting the needs and desires of their older population, and in doing so, will attract younger age groups that want an age -friendly community. POPULATION BY AGE FOR LAKEVILLE IN 2014 * Age groupings corresponding to the Boomer generation are presen ted in black. Source: 2011-2014 American Community Survey (Table S0101) In 2014, just 6.4% of Lakeville residents were 65 and older. This is a smaller percentage by nearly half compared to Burnsville. However, this age group will grow substantially over the next 20 years, as members of the much larger boomer cohort age. The boomer age group (in 2014) represents less than one quarter of the Lakeville population (19.9%). According to AARP, since 1990, roughly 90% of older Americans have stayed in the county they’ve been living in, if not the very same home. Is Lakeville prepared for Boomers to age in place in the community? In a 2014 National Council on Aging Survey, 54% of older adults (age 60+) said their community is doing enough to prepare for the needs of the growing aging population. [1] 1 The United States of Aging Survey 2014, National Council on Aging. Retrieved on September 21, 2015 from: https://www.ncoa.org/wp-content/uploads/USA14-National-Fact-Sheet.pdf 7.6% 8.5% 9.5% 8.0% 3.4% 6.0% 6.8% 7.5% 8.3% 9.8% 8.5% 5.2% 4.2% 2.0% 2.0% 1.2% 0.4% 0.8% 0.0% 2.0% 4.0% 6.0% 8.0% 10.0% 12.0%Boomers in 2014 Released December 2016 | Communities for a Lifetime City Profile | Lakeville, Minnesota | 4 OVERALL LIVABILITY THE AARP LIVABILITY INDEX The AARP Livability Index is a web-based tool that allows users to measure the overall livability of US neighborhoods, cities, counties, or states based on 40 quantitative metrics and 20 public policies defined by the AARP’s Public Policy Institute. The 40 measures of livability and 20 public policy are divided into seven major categories: housing, neighborhood, transportation, environment, health, engagement, and opportunity. The tool allows users to compare the results for their community with other communities, including national leaders in livability. 100 is the highest possible score in each category. Scores above 50 should be considered above -average, and scores below 50, below-average. AARP INDEX SCORES FOR APPLE VALLEY AND SELECT PEER CITIES, 0 TO 100 Category Apple Valley Burnsville Eagan Lakeville Minnesota Total Score 59 59 59 58 60 Housing 48 51 47 41 58 Neighborhood 59 60 58 55 52 Transportation 52 52 50 47 59 Environment 59 55 60 66 62 Health 65 65 67 65 60 Engagement 57 60 58 58 67 Opportunity 71 69 69 72 62 Source: AARP Livability Index, Retrieved on November 30, 2016 from: https://livabilityindex.aarp.org The Total Score for Lakeville, which is the numerical average of the seven sub -categories, is nearly identical to three select peer cities in Dakota County and the state of Minnesota as a whole. By the measures and policies that make up this Index, Lakeville, its peers, and the whole state are above-average in terms of livability. Lakeville scored highest in the Opportunity sub-category with a 72; this category includes measures on equal opportunity, employment opportunity, high school graduation, and population age diversity. Lakeville’s lowest score was in Housing with a 41, a below-average rating; this category includes measures on housing options, affordability, and the physical accessibility of homes. Currently, Lakeville is a younger, less developed city. Are there other cities within Dakota County and around the country, with similarities to Lakeville, scoring higher on the AARP Index that could push Lakeville forward in planning for an older population? Released December 2016 | Communities for a Lifetime City Profile | Lakeville, Minnesota | 5 HOUSING OVERALL HOUSING PERFORMANCE INDICATOR: HIGH OR INCREASING ANNUAL HOUSING PERFORMANCE SCORE The Metropolitan Council rates Twin Cities’ area communities to promote effective housing development and to make funding decisions for local housing projects. Each community’s score is based on the following broad criteria: (a) Increased housing variety, (b) Housing cost, (c) Mixed land uses, (d) Increased transportation choices, and (e) Leverage of private investment. [2] 2006 – 2015 Average Housing Performance Scores of Select Dakota County Cities, 0 to 100 For the specific scoring criteria, please see: Guidelines for Priority Funding for Housing Performance Source: Metropolitan Council Housing Performance Scores, 2006 - 2015. From 2006-2015, Lakeville’s average Housing Performance Score was 77, with a high score of 95 in 2015 and a low score of 61 in 2014. Lakeville’s average score placed it well above Eagan, even with Apple Valley, and well below Burnsville among its chosen peer cities. The average score for the eleven major cities of Dakota County from 2006 to 2015 was 69, which marks Lakeville’s average score well above average. Its lower overall score suggests that Lakeville compares less favorably to some of its peers in one or more of the scoring criteria: housing variety, affordability, mixed-use development, transportation choices, and leverage of private investment. What criteria can Lakeville work on to improve its Housing Performance Score? Could Lakeville improve its approach to housing as it makes plans to develop or redevelop land? 2 Guidelines for Priority Funding for Housing Performance, Metropolitan Council, July 2015. Retrieved on Sep. 30, 2015 from : https://metrocouncil.org/Housing/Publications-And-Resources/HOUSING-POLICY-PLANS- REPORTS/Guidelines-for-Priority-Funding-for-Housing-Perfor.aspx 86 83 77 77 74 74 72 68 67 53 33 0102030405060708090100 Released December 2016 | Communities for a Lifetime City Profile | Lakeville, Minnesota | 6 HOUSING AFFORDABILITY INDICATOR: SPENDING 30% OR LESS OF HOUSEHOLD INCOME ON HOUSING This measure has long been a standard for defining housing as affordable. It is a good measure of affordability whether a household is above or below the Median Household Income in a community. In most communities, the cost of rental housing is of greater concern than owner- occupied homes—many more renters pay more for their housing as a percentage of their income. HOUSING COSTS AS PERCENT OF GROSS INCOME FOR HOMEOWNERS AND RENTERS 65+ IN 2014 Source: 2009-2014 American Community Survey (Table B25093 and B25072) In 2014, 26% percent of Lakeville home owners pay more than 30% of their gross income for housing. This is nearly identical to the situation of homeowners in Dakota County as a whole. However, less than two thirds (64%) of Lakeville renters pay more than 30% on their housing. Renters in Lakeville face slightly lower housing costs than renters across the whole county. The results for Lakeville suggest that housing is less expensive for home owners than for renters. Many renters across the County are paying a larger proportion of their income for housing. How could Lakeville, Dakota County, and other public and private partners invest more in subsidized rental housing to help bring down housing costs for lower-income renters, including older adults? 20% of Minnesota Baby Boomers were considering a move in 2010 due to the cost of housing. [3] 49% of older adults (age 60+) are concerned they will have too little money to last the rest of their lives. [4] 3 Transform 2010 Data Report: Baby Boomer Survey, Minnesota Department of Human Services, 2010. Retrieved on September 30, 2015 from: http://www.dhs.state.mn.us/main/groups/aging/documents/pub/dhs16_156199.pdf 4 The United States of Aging Survey 2014, National Council on Aging. Retrieved on September 30, 2015 from: https://www.ncoa.org/wp-content/uploads/USA14-National-Fact-Sheet.pdf 0% 0% 3% 6% 74% 72% 32% 29% 26% 27% 64% 66% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Lakeville Home Owners Dakota County Home Owners Lakeville Renters Dakota County Renters Not Computed Paying less than 30%Paying 30% or More Released December 2016 | Communities for a Lifetime City Profile | Lakeville, Minnesota | 7 HOUSING CHOICE INDICATOR: INCREASED VARIETY OF HOUSING BEYOND SINGLE-FAMILY HOMES A person’s housing needs and preferences evolve throughout their life. Housing variety, including the cost and features of homes, allow people to grow-up and age in the same community. Communities that lack housing variety that is desirable to older residents may lose those residents to other communities within the county or elsewhere. PERCENTAGE OF NON-SINGLE FAMILY HOME HOUSING BY TYPE IN LAKEVILLE, 1990-2014 Source: U.S. Census 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2015; Metropolitan Council Housing Stock Estimates, 2015. Among major non-single family home housing types, between 1990 to 2015 Lakeville saw an increase in Townhomes from 7% to 12%, and an increase in Multifamily Rentals or Condos from 6% to 10%. The proportion of Duplex, Triplex and Quad properties remained roughly the same; Manufactured homes declined, from 13% to 4%. Single-Family Detached homes have remained consistent between 1990 and 2015, at roughly 72%. The increase in housing variety is positive. Could Lakeville further increase its housing variety in the coming years to appeal to older residents who may want to down-size, or younger residents who need or prefer a non- single family home? 28% of Minnesota Boomers planning to move by 2020 reported they are considering a townhome or condominium. [5] 40% of older adults (age 60+) anticipate home maintenance will be a concern as they age. [6] 5 Transform 2010 Data Report: Baby Boomer Survey 6 The United States of Aging Survey 2014, National Council on Aging. Retrieved on September 21, 2015 from: https://www.ncoa.org/wp-content/uploads/USA14-National-Fact-Sheet.pdf 1990 2000 2010 2015 Townhomes (single-family attached)7%8%12%12% Duplex, Triplex and Quad 2%2%2%2% Multifamily Rentals or Condos (5 units +)6%4%10%10% Manufactured Home 13%7%5%4% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Released December 2016 | Communities for a Lifetime City Profile | Lakeville, Minnesota | 8 HOUSING CHOICES IN LATER LIFE INDICATOR: VARIETY AND QUANTITY OF “SENIOR HOUSING” OPTIONS Most people prefer to stay in a single family home, condominium, townhome, or all-ages apartment as they age. However, whether due to preference or a need for support that cannot be met well in their conventionally designed home, some make a move to “senior housing” – housing planned for older adults. Senior housing is generally restricted to people age 55 or older; but persons age 75 to 84, and 85 and older are more likely to live in “senior housing.” UNITS OF SUBSIDIZED SENIOR RENTALS AND MARKET RATE CONGREGATE HOUSING IN 2013, PER 100 PERSONS AGE 75-84 Source: Comprehensive Housing Needs Assessment for Dakota County, MN, Maxfield Research, September 2013 2011-2013 American Community Survey (Table S0101) Housing Type / Age Apple Valley Burnsville Eagan Lakeville Rental (Shallow-Subsidy)* 170 200 245 202 Rental (Deep-Subsidy)* 72 42 0 24 Independent Living (Few Services)+ 176 433 121 0 Congregate (Moderate Services)^ 136 200 112 77 People Age 75-84 1,390 2,290 1,436 899 * Subsidized Rentals refers to age‐restricted independent living apartments where rents are adjusted to increase affordability for low-income seniors. + “Independent Living” refers to age‐restricted independent single‐family, townhomes, apartments, condominiums, and cooperatives with few, if any, supportive services. ^ “Congregate” refers to multi-unit housing, such as townhomes, apartments, condominiums, and cooperatives with increasing, moderate supportive services. “Congregate” does not include Assisted Living or Memory Care Facilities (see below). Released December 2016 | Communities for a Lifetime City Profile | Lakeville, Minnesota | 9 The graph and table above present data on varieties of “senior housing” with few or very limited built-in services. Two of the housing options offer subsidies to support affordability. In 2013, Lakeville had 25 subsidized senior rental units for every 100 people age 75 to 84, the highest ratio among its peers. With the cost of rental housing being such a concern, could Lakeville work to increase the ratio of subsidized units for older residents? Also, are there age-friendly features inside the housing units? Could new policies or educational campaigns encourage builders to construct universally designed buildings to meet the needs of aging adults—and by doing so better meet the needs of all age groups? 77% of older adults (age 60+) plan to stay in their current home for the rest of their life. [7] UNITS OF ASSISTED LIVING AND MEMORY CARE IN 2013 PER 100 PEOPLE AGE 85+ Source: Comprehensive Housing Needs Assessment for Dakota County, MN, Maxfield Research, September 2013 2011-2013 American Community Survey (Table S0101) Housing Type / Age Apple Valley Burnsville Eagan Lakeville Assisted Living Units* 165 279 117 44 Memory Care Units^ 14 84 94 72 People Age 85+ 439 914 561 632 * “Assisted Living” refers to multi-unit housing with more intensive supportive services than the “Congregate” category referred to above. ^ “Memory Care” is multi-unit housing that, as the name suggests, provides intensive services for persons with declining memory. 7 The United States of Aging Survey 2014, National Council on Aging. Retrieved on September 21, 2015 from: https://www.ncoa.org/wp-content/uploads/USA14-National-Fact-Sheet.pdf Released December 2016 | Communities for a Lifetime City Profile | Lakeville, Minnesota | 10 This second graph looks at two Senior Housing options that offer more built -in services for residents, such as meals, housekeeping, and transportation, and increasing levels of personal care. Adult Foster Care programs, licensed residential homes for 4 to 5 residents age 55+, and Skilled Nursing Facilities (i.e. nursing homes), are not included here. These types of housing options were not included in the report by Maxfield Research, the source of this data. Lakeville has fewer assisted living units compared to its peers, and to the current size of its 85+ population. By contrast, the city has a significant number of memory care units; 16 units for every 100 residents age 85 or older. Lakeville, like other cities, should continue to evaluate if it has the appropriate number of “senior housing” units and affordable housing options for older adults based on its current population and projections for the future. Across the state, the number nursing home beds is being reduced and we are seeing more funding for Home and Community-Based Services, and this trend is expected to continue. Many communities have responded to an aging population by building more Assisted Living units. In fact, Minnesota has more Assisted Living units than any other state in the nation. How can Lakeville continue to plan for and invest in housing with services to support older residents who may want to remain in this community as they age ? What if Boomers avoid moving into Assisted Living facilities all together or wait until the very end of their life? Have some communities over-built the number of Assisted Living units they may need? 68% of Minnesota Boomers who plan to move by 2020 will be looking for homes where they could live on one level. [8] 8 Transform 2010 Data Report: Baby Boomer Survey Released December 2016 | Communities for a Lifetime City Profile | Lakeville, Minnesota | 11 ACCESSIBILITY AND VISITABILITY INDICATOR: AVAILABILITY OF HOUSING WHERE RESIDENTS CAN LIVE ON ONE LEVEL The most basic home characteristic that supports accessibility and vis itability is housing that allows a person to live on one level, with few or no stair systems. Stairs pose a barrier for many people if their physical functions are limited. In many cities, the best option for one level living is recently constructed multi-unit apartments or condominiums. These buildings frequently have zero -grade, accessible entries, elevators, and wide hallways and doorways leading to one-level units. While much less common, some single family homes, detached condominiums, townhomes, and multiplexes also provide residents with options for living on one level. PERCENT OF HOUSING WITH A ONE-LEVEL-LIVING OPTION IN LAKEVILLE AND SELECT CITIES, 20149 Source: Dakota County Assessor’s Office, 2014 Roughly a quarter of Lakeville housing would allow a resident to live on one level of a home. All of Lakeville’s peers offer a larger proportion of one-level-living options. However, even homes that offer a good one-level-living option may need to be modified in one or more ways to make them truly accessible and visitable. Common home modifications include adding ramps to main entries, widening doorways, improving the living-level bathroom and shower, and moving laundry machines to the living-level. The vast majority of residents prefer to age-in-place. How could cities, the county, and organizations support more practical home modifications and repairs to help residents age in place? Could an Aging in Place partnership/fund be set up to help homeowners stay in their homes—at less cost than other housing alternatives? As new housing of all types is constructed, how could cities encourage builders to include more accessible and visitable features in their design plans? 9 The Dakota County Assessor’s Office organizes residential housing into as many as 24 categories; the categories encompass all major housing types: single family homes; townhomes; duplex, triplex and quads; condominiums; and multifamily buildings. The percent of “on e story” living units is based on the number of one story units across all housing types. Two story homes may allow for single-level living, but this cannot be assumed. Released December 2016 | Communities for a Lifetime City Profile | Lakeville, Minnesota | 12 MOBILITY TRANSPORTATION COSTS INDICATOR: ANNUAL HOUSEHOLD TRANSPORTATION COSTS Housing is generally the largest expense in a household budget, but transportation costs typically rank second, and so are very significant, especially for households with a low or fixed income. Some residents seek out affordable housing, which can often be found in su burban and exurban communities with lower land prices, but then inadvertently end up with higher transportation costs, especially if their housing is a long distance from their work or the many basic services we all need. The US Department of Housing and Urban Development is now promoting a combined measure of housing and transportation affordability it calls “Location Affordability,” which considers the cost of housing and transportation together.10 2008-2012 ANNUAL TRANSPORTATION COSTS IN LAKEVILLE, SELECT CITIES, MINNESOTA AND THE US Source: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, Location Affordability Index, 2008 -2012, http://www.locationaffordability.info/lai.aspx The estimated annual household transportation costs for Lakeville residents at $14,685 is well above the Dakota County median but less than the costs experienced by Minnesotans as a whole. Lakeville residents spend over $1,300 more per year than do residents of neighboring cities. Lakeville is a greater distance from the center of the Twin Cities metropolitan area, so residents would commonly drive greater distances to many destinations. How can Lakeville, and other Dakota County cities, attract more employers to reduce daily commutes for its residents? How can cities adjust land use policies to shorten distances and improve access to shopping, services, and other amenities? Further, might the city explore more public and 10 U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, Location Affordability Index, Retrieved on July 10, 2015 from: http://www.locationaffordability.info/ $13,350 $13,350 $13,350 $14,685 $15,124 $13,350 $11,000 $11,500 $12,000 $12,500 $13,000 $13,500 $14,000 $14,500 $15,000 $15,500 Apple Valley Burnsville Eagan Lakeville Minnesota Minnesota and Select Cities Median Dakota County Released December 2016 | Communities for a Lifetime City Profile | Lakeville, Minnesota | 13 alternative transportation services to decrease residents’ reliance on cars for transportation? WALKABILITY INDICATOR: WALK SCORE, 0 TO 100 Walking, or rolling using an assistive device, is the most basic and affordable mode of transportation. However, since many streetscapes are designed primarily for cars, walkers may find the distances to their destination too great and the routes unsafe. Walk Scores measure the walkability of an area using digital maps and data about distances to common amenities and pedestrian friendliness. City-Wide Walk Score Downtown Lakeville Walk Score 90–100 Walker’s Paradise: Daily errands do not require a car 70–89 Very Walkable: Most errands can be accomplished on foot 50–69 Somewhat Walkable: Some errands can be done on foot 25–49 Car-Dependent: Most errands require a car 0–24 Car-Dependent: Almost all errands require a car 14 44 Source: https://www.walkscore.com/MN/Lakeville, Retrieved on October 31, 2016 Overall, Lakeville is a very Car-Dependent city, with a walk score of 14. In most locations across the city, most errands require a car. However, throughout the city there are locations that are more walkable. A Mixed-Use or Suburban-Intensity area of the city at Holyoke Ave. & 207th Street West – Historic Downtown Lakeville – achieved a Walk Score of 44. (Research shows that when people walk or bike to do their shopping they take more trips and spend more money each month than drivers.) While not all residents value walkability, a growing number do. Strategically investing in Suburban - Intensity developments or otherwise improving the proximity of residences and essential amenities will serve older residents and others who value walkability. How can Lakeville strategically invest in greater walkability, more sidewalks, and more mixed-use or Suburban-Intense developments? What policies need to be updated or changed to increase walkability? Released December 2016 | Communities for a Lifetime City Profile | Lakeville, Minnesota | 14 WALKABILITY INDICATOR: PRESENCE OF SIDEWALKS Sidewalks are the building blocks of an effective pedestrian network. When sidewalks are not available, pedestrians are forced to share the street with motorists, access to public transportation is restricted, and children have fewer play areas that are safe. Streets without safe pl aces to walk, cross, catch a bus, or bicycle put people at risk. Over 5,600 pedestrians and bicyclists died on U.S. roads and there were 115,000 reported injuries in 2014.11 Pedestrian crashes are more than twice as likely to occur in places without sidewalks; streets with sidewalks on both sides have the fewest crashes.12 Walkability is enhanced even further by three core characteristics: the continuity and connectivity of pedestrian ways (i.e. sidewalks, trails, bike lanes, street crossings, crosswalks); the safety of the pedestrian ways; and the proximity of essential services to residences. The data of this measure speak to the first core characteristic. PERCENT OF STREETS WITH SIDEWALKS OR TRAILS IN 2015 Note: “Streets” are defined here as local roads, county roads, and county-state aid highways. Source: Dakota County Physical Development Division, 2015 Lakeville is below average in its sidewalk coverage and connectivity compared to the eleven major cities of Dakota County. That being said, its sidewalk system is comparable to its peer cities, Burnsville and Eagan. Apple Valley stands out among its peers on this measure, well exceeding the average percentage of sidewalk coverage for the eleven major cities in Dakota County. As Lakeville develops and redevelops land, how might the city improve its pedestrian infrastructure? 11 Source: http://www.pedbikeinfo.org/data/factsheet_crash.cfm 12 Source: http://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/ped_bike/tools_solve/walkways_brochure Released December 2016 | Communities for a Lifetime City Profile | Lakeville, Minnesota | 15 PUBLIC TRANSIT AND ALTERNATIVE TRANSPORTATION INDICATOR: PRESENCE OF PUBLIC AND ALTERNATIVE TRANSPORTATION Many people who are able to drive express interest in transportation alternatives such as buses, trains, walking, or biking. But for older adults who do not drive, transportation alternatives become critically important. Without transportation, residents find it difficult to access basic services, remain independent, and stay involved in the life of the community. Alternative transportation options available to residents of Apple Valley are described in the table below. (Some information in this table may have evolved as routes are modified and providers change.) Category Provider(s) Scope of Service Description Fixed-route Metro Transit Minnesota Valley Transit Authority No Local Coverage; Limited express and commuter coverage Is a fixed transportation route with scheduled designated stops. Riders are responsible for getting to the designated stops. Kenrick Avenue Park & Ride Local Routes: None; Commuter Routes: 467 and 477. Curb-to-Curb A-Tran -- South Metro, Mpls/St Paul GAPP Services -- Dakota County MNET -- Metro Area Transit Link -- Metro Area Requires the rider be able to meet the vehicle at the curb. Drivers do not help individuals into homes, apartment buildings or businesses. Drivers pick-up and drop-off passengers at the curb only. Door-to-Door A-Tran -- South Metro, Mpls/St Paul Metro Mobility -- Metro Area MNET -- Metro Area Transit Link -- Metro Area Driver provides some assistance to rider to ensure they make it safely from their main door onto the vehicle. The driver provides the same service on the return trip. Door- through-Door A-Tran -- South Metro, Mpls/St Paul MNET -- Metro Area Driver enters the home/building to provide assistance to the rider to ensure they make it safely through their front door and onto the vehicle. The driver provides the same service on the return trip. Volunteer Driver Program GAPP Services All of Dakota County Individuals who volunteer their time and vehicle to provide transportation services to a community. Most often vehicle is a sedan and space is limited to riders with only canes and folding walkers. Source: Metro Transit: https://www.metrotransit.org; “Transportation Options Resource Guide: Dakota County retrieved on July 3, 2015 from: http://www.darts1.org/transportation-options-resource-guide Released December 2016 | Communities for a Lifetime City Profile | Lakeville, Minnesota | 16 DRIVER SAFETY INDICATOR: DECREASED TRAFFIC CRASHES AND TRAFFIC RELATED INJURIES. Driving a car is the most common mode of transportation for most people. This is especially true in suburban and rural communities where mass transit options are often limited. Sidewalks and trails are also frequently underdeveloped. For these reasons, driving conditions become increasing ly important. Some cities are making design improvements, including: better, larger signage for older drivers; more designated left-hand turn lanes; rumble strips on lane markers or shoulders; and improved safety at crosswalks. NUMBER OF TRAFFIC CRASHES AND INJURIES IN LAKEVILLE FOR DRIVERS 65+, 2010-2014 Source: Minnesota Department of Public Safety Crash Facts, 2010-2014; American Community Survey, 2010-2014 In Lakeville, the number of traffic crashes involving drivers 65+ increased significantly in 2013 and 2014, while the number of injuries increased only slightly since 2010. Only one fatality was recorded for drivers 65+ over this same period, occurring in 2013. Across the US, more than 4,500 pedestrians are killed by motor vehicles every year. However, this does not have to be the case — more can be done to save lives. These deaths are preventable. Speed does kill. Two studies, one in the US and a second in the UK, revealed that pedestrians are killed 5% of the time when s truck by a car going 20 mph; 37-45% of the time when struck by a car going 30 mph; 83-85% of the time when struck by a car going 40 mph. Traffic on most American streets travel closer to 40 mph instead of 20 mph. If we reduce car speeds to 20 mph through traffic-calming road redesign, education, and enforcement strategies, we could reduce pedestrian fatalities by 90%. How can the state, county, and cities work together to prioritize dangerous streets for redesign and speed reduction to save more lives? 9.8 10.0 6.3 21.1 26.5 5.4 4.6 3.1 5.6 7.9 0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Number of Crashes per 1,000 People 65+Number of Injuries per 1,000 People 65+ Released December 2016 | Communities for a Lifetime City Profile | Lakeville, Minnesota | 17 LAND USE MIXED-USE LAND INDICATOR: PROPORTION OF LAND DEVELOPED AS MIXED-USE Mixed-use developments (also known as Suburban-Intensity) have received increasing attention among city planners and administrators, and the general public. Well -executed mixed-use developments can address many livable community characteristics at once, including: housing - type variety, convenience to shopping and services, walkability, and public safety. PERCENT OF RESIDENTIAL LAND USE COMPARED TO MIXED-USE FOR SELECT CITIES, 2010* Source: Metropolitan Council Generalized Land Use Data, 2010 (*New 2016 land use data not available until spring 2017) Note: For more source information see: http://metrocouncil.org/METC/files/6d/6db8637a-fe3f-4f06-954b-581b680de527.html Lakeville has the lowest percentage of mixed use land; however, all four cities have a very low percentage of mixed-use development. Suburban-intensity is not something that needs to be feared as increased “density,” something often fought by residents of suburban communities. Suburban-intensity can be targeted to a city’s core downtown area where walkability and density can be achieved more easily. Historic Downtown Lakeville (near Holyoke and 207th Street West) is the prime example within Lakeville. Some cities are creating age-friendly areas or districts that are benefiting from this approach. Currently, Minneapolis and St. Paul are seeing record levels of construction of mixed-use developments of rental apartments with commercial space at the street level. Millennials and Boomers are competing to live in or near these walkable neighborhoods. Can suburban communities replicate and benefit from this trend that is likely to continue into the future, or will some suburban communities be left out? Released December 2016 | Communities for a Lifetime City Profile | Lakeville, Minnesota | 18 PARK SPACE INDICATOR: PROXIMITY TO PARK SPACE Public parks and trails are a great common space for people of nearly any circumstance to get out and interact in the community and stay healthy. To better support older residents and people with limiting health conditions, park spaces should increasingly offer shade, shelter, a place to sit and rest, and accessible bathrooms, all of which benefit the entire community. NUMBER OF PARKS WITHIN A HALF-MILE IN 2013 Apple Valley Burnsville Eagan Lakeville Median US Neighborhood 3.4 3.6 2.5 2.2 0.0 Source: AARP Livability Index, retrieved on October 31, 2016 from: https://livabilityindex.aarp.org Lakeville has fewer parks per half-mile than its peer cities. Apple Valley and Burnsville have a higher concentration of parks, and nearly the same concentration, whereas Eagan and Lakeville have fewer parks within each half-mile radius. Some of the Lakeville parks and recreational amenities are described in the table below. How can Lakeville and other cities continue to make parks both good places for children and older adults—more benches and more equipment for all age groups? And how can cities continue to improve non-motorized access to parks through sidewalk and trail enhancements, so that people of all ages can walk, bike, or roll (i.e. using an assistive device) to their nearest park? Select Amenities Number and Land Area Description Public Parks 58 parks on 1,106 acres Common elements include: biking/walking trails, playground equipment, picnic facilities, restrooms, basketball courts, and softball/baseball fields. Conservation Areas 20 Areas on 468 acres Public land. Nature Trails 7 Trails totaling 10 miles Public. Kenwood Trails Disc Golf Course 1 courses on 22 acres Public. Source: Lakeville Park Facilities Chart: http://www.ci.lakeville.mn.us/departments/departmentspdf/parkfacilities.pdf Released December 2016 | Communities for a Lifetime City Profile | Lakeville, Minnesota | 19 FOOD ACCESS INDICATOR: ACCESS TO HEALTHY AND AFFORDABLE FOOD It is difficult to make healthy food choices when grocery stores and farmers’ markets are not near where you live. People who do not drive or lack transit options and those that are low-income are forced in many instances to rely on food options that are less healthy from nearby convenience stores, and it may cost them more money. NUMBER OF GROCERY STORES AND FARMERS’ MARKETS WITHIN A HALF-MILE IN 2013 Apple Valley Burnsville Eagan Lakeville Median US Neighborhood 0.5 1.0 0.3 0.1 0.0 Source: AARP Livability Index, retrieved on October 31, 2016 from: https://livabilityindex.aarp.org The AARP Livability Index rates a community’s food access by measuring how many grocery stores or farmer’s markets exist in each half-mile radius within the city, a reasonable walking distance for most people. According to this source, Lakeville has .1 stores or markets per half-mile radius, or by extrapolation, roughly one store or market per 5 mile radius. The City of Lakeville is comprised of nearly 38 square miles, and has six major grocery stores. By this measure, Burnsville has much greater food access with one store or market a half mile from any given location. (Note: Most US neighborhoods, including vast rural areas, score a zero for grocery stores or farmer’s markets within a half-mile. However, by contrast, the score for the city of Minneapolis is 5.3). Sometimes residents face financial or transportation barriers in gaining access to food. What can communities do to promote their farmers’ markets to all residents, and ensure that those in need have access to grocery stores and home delivered meals or food? Service agencies can help close the food access gap . Dakota County has an excellent listing of Food Shelves & Community Meals on its website.13 Ensuring that all are fed, of whatever age and circumstance, is a basic need that all communities need to address together. 13 Dakota County, Minnesota, Food Shelves & Community Meals: https://www.co.dakota.mn.us/HealthFamily/PersonalFinance/FinancialCrisis/Pages/food-shelves.aspx Released December 2016 | Communities for a Lifetime City Profile | Lakeville, Minnesota | 20 COMMUNITY LIFE EMPLOYMENT INDICATOR: PERCENT OF PEOPLE AGE 65 TO 74 IN THE LABOR FORCE Complete retirement from paid work at 65 is slowly being revised in our culture , through public policy, but also through the needs, plans, and preferences of aging workers and employers. A healthy labor force participation rate should closely reflect the percent of people in any age group who express a desire to work. LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION AGE 65 TO 74 IN LAKEVILLE, WITH SELECT COMPARISONS IN 2014 Source: 2009-2014 American Community Survey (Table S2301) Lakeville rate of labor force participation among workers age 65 to 74 is nearly identical to labor participation rate of Dakota County and Minnesota as a whole. Apple Valley, Eagan, and Burnsville report a higher rate of labor force participation among older residents. While not all older adults desire to work for pay beyond traditional retirement age, a significant portion d o and will. And others will need to because of their personal financial circumstances. Older adults should be able to work with various accommodations and incentives to participate in the shrinking workforce. How are local businesses helping older workers to remain in the workforce? 23% of Minnesota Boomers have no plans to stop paid work at any age. [14] 32% of older adults (age 60+) are concerned they will not be able to work as long as they would like. [15] 14 Transform 2010 Data Report: Baby Boomer Survey 15 The United States of Aging Survey 2014, National Council on Aging. Retrieved on September 21, 2015 from: https://www.ncoa.org/wp-content/uploads/USA14-National-Fact-Sheet.pdf 37.3% 30.3% 29.1% 26.5% 28.9% 26.6% 0.0% 20.0% 40.0% 60.0% 80.0% 100.0% Apple Valley Burnsville Eagan Lakeville Dakota County Minnesota Released December 2016 | Communities for a Lifetime City Profile | Lakeville, Minnesota | 21 VOLUNTEER CAPACITY INDICATOR: INCREASED VOLUNTEER HOURS FOR PEOPLE 65+ A growing number of people will remain in the workforce past the age of 65, but whether working or retired from paid work, older residents will volunteer in great numbers. Volunteering is not only a vital form of enrichment for older adults, but it is also a valuable community asset that should be utilized fully. Estimated Volunteer Hours for Population 65-74 and 75+ in Lakeville in 2014 Apple Valley Population Statewide Volunteer Rate by Age Group^ Estimated Number of Volunteers* Estimated Volunteer Hours Per Year^ Estimated Volunteer Hours* Age 65-74 2,299 40.7% 936 64 59,884 Age 75+ 1,423 34.6% 492 60 29,541 *The estimated volunteer capacity in Lakeville is an extrapolation based on reliable statewide data. ^Source: 2014 Volunteering in America, Corporation for National & Community Se rvice; 2009-2014 American Community Survey (Table DP05) Older adults in Lakeville provided an estimated 89,425 hours of volunteer service in 2014, the most recent data available. This is the equivalent of 42.9 full time equivalent employees, and at a rate of $24.00 per hour, this amounts to a wage -labor value of $2,146,200. Older adults and aging boomers are assets to the community; they spend more money locally, and they value their communities and most want to give back. Communities that provide meaningful opportunities for older adults to volunteer will capitalize on this vital source of talent and energy. Four Dakota County cities (Apple Valley, Inver Grove Heights, West St. Paul, and Rosemount) have partnered to fund a volunteer coordinator position to try to take advantage of residents desire to volunteer. How can Lakeville further capitalize on older adult volunteers as an asset to the community? Could a local entity better coordinate and advertise the opportunities that do exist? 59,884 29,541 - 20,000 40,000 60,000 80,000 100,000 Lakeville Age 65-74 Age 75+ Released December 2016 | Communities for a Lifetime City Profile | Lakeville, Minnesota | 22 LIVING ALONE INDICATOR: PERCENT OF PEOPLE 65+ LIVING ALONE Some people live alone and are content with their circumstance s. However, people who live alone tend to have less income, and as they age, find it more difficult to remain mobile, access services, and stay involved in the life of the community. Communities need to be aware of this segment of the population and better shape the community environment to support these residents. AGE 65 AND OVER LIVING ALONE, 2000 AND 2014 Source: 2009-2014 American Community Survey (Table B09020); US Census 2000 (Table P030) The proportion of older adults living alone in Lakeville stayed the same between 2000 and 2014 at 21%, with the percentage of females decreasing (from 17% to 14%) and males increasing (from 4% to 7%). In most communities, more female residents live alone as compared to men. A smaller percentage of older residents live alone in Lakeville than live alone in Dakota County as a whole. When living alone turns to isolation, individuals can experience physical and mental decline. In circumstances like this, what could be done to better identify and assist isolated older adults? Could nonprofits or faith communities partner to provide home visits or check-ins by phone? Could more formal neighborhood networks be helpful to those living alone and create stronger neighborhood connections and support for everyone? 48% of socially-isolated older adults list transportation as the thing they will most likely need help with in the future. [16] 16 The United States of Aging Survey 2014, National Council on Aging. Retrieved on September 21, 2015 from: https://www.ncoa.org/wp-content/uploads/USA14-National-Fact-Sheet.pdf 4% 7% 7% 17% 14% 21% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Lakeville 2000 Lakeville 2014 Dakota County 2014 Males Females Released December 2016 | Communities for a Lifetime City Profile | Lakeville, Minnesota | 23 PUBLIC SAFETY INDICATOR: DECREASED CRIME All residents want to feel safe in their community. Feeling unsafe negatively affects residents’ participation in the community. For older residents, too, feeling unsafe inhibits their trips out of the home for services, work, volunteering, or recreation, leading to harmful isolation. CRIME RATES IN LAKEVILLE, 2010-2015 * The crime rate represents the number of reported crimes per 100,000 in population. ** Part 1 Crimes include: murder, rape, robbery, aggravated assault, burglary, larceny, vehicle theft and arson; Part 2 Crimes include: other assaults, forgery, fraud, vandalism, sex offences, drugs and alcohol and DUI Source: Minnesota Department of Public Safety State Crime Books, 2010-2015 Overall, crime rates in Lakeville declined by 16.9 percent from 2010 to 2015. The decline was more pronounced for Part 2 crimes, a drop of 329 crimes, which includes: forgery, fraud, vandalism, sex offences, drugs and alcohol, and DUI. How can all communities continue to work with residents to lower crime rates and increase engagement of all residents, including older adults that may face isolation? 1,531 1,397 1,354 1,301 1,222 1,275 2,500 2,182 2,097 1,901 2,083 2,171 - 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Part 1 Crime Rate Part 2 Crime Rate Released December 2016 | Communities for a Lifetime City Profile | Lakeville, Minnesota | 24 AGE-FRIENDLY POLICIES ACCESSORY DWELLING UNIT POLICY An accessory dwelling unit (ADU) – also known as a “granny flat,” “mother-in-law apartment” or “carriage house” – is a self-contained living unit that can be located within the walls of an existing or newly constructed home, or that can be an addition to an existing home. It can also be a freestanding structure on the same lot as the main house. ADUs have received s ignificant attention in recent years as a way to provide more flexible housing options using existing housing stock. Over the past few decades, municipalities across the country have adopted standards to allow or encourage the construction of ADUs. Accessory Dwelling Unit Policy: Yes/No? Yes* Some Policy Details *Lakeville does have a citywide Accessory Dwelling Unit “ordinance.” ADUs are allowed within the Spirit of Brandtjen Farm Planned Unit Development. Additionally, Summerlyn and Tullamore neighborhoods have a housing product by Lennar (Next Gen Suites) that offers a suite/ADU within the floorplan of the home. While Lennar specifically offers an ADU product with the Next Gen homes, the City’s Zoning Ordinance allows this type of unit for any homebuilder by administrative permit in our single family zoning districts. Opportunities: With specific Planned Unit Developments, like Spirit of Brandtjen Farm allowing ADUs, and neighborhoods like Summerlyn and Tullamore offering NextGen suites/ADUs, how could the ADU ordinance/policy be expanded to benefit more Lakeville residents within existing housing stock that want to care for an aging loved one or have a caregiver live in a permanent ADU to help the home owner age in place? As more families will be caring for aging family members in the future, how can more residents be informed of this housing option? For more information on ADUs: AARP, Accessory Dwelling Units, Model State Act and Local Ordinance http://assets.aarp.org/rgcenter/consume/d17158_dwell.pdf For sample, downloadable language, see Model Code for Accessory Dwelling Units https://accessorydwellings.org/2014/11/25/model-code-for-accessory-dwelling-units Dakota County cities with ADU policies for consideration:  Apple Valley, Code of Ordinances: http://www.ci.apple-valley.mn.us/index.aspx?NID=357  Eagan, Municipal Code: http://www.cityofeagan.com/index.php/planning-zoning/city-code-enforcement  Inver Grove Heights: Amendment: Title 10, Chapter 18: http://www.ci.inver-grove-heights.mn.us ADUs ordinances are often driven by requests from homeowners. What drove the development of ADU policy in other Dakota County cities? Could an ADU policy in Lakeville be enacted to allow wider usage by increasing numbers of aging residents or those that have aging parents? For example: Could an ordinance be enacted to allow ADUs on smaller lots, or to encourage accessibility and Universal Design in the construction of the units? Released December 2016 | Communities for a Lifetime City Profile | Lakeville, Minnesota | 25 COMPLETE STREETS POLICY “Complete streets” is an approach to road planning and design that considers and balances the needs of all transportation users. It is about improving the basics—the transportation system’s safety and functionality for all users—but in many cases, also making transit ways more aesthetically pleasing. Its main premise is for people to get around safely and efficiently f rom point A to point B, using whatever mode of travel they choose. The complete streets approach helps to maximize the use of public roadways and right -of-way in order to provide a comprehensive and connected multimodal transportation system. A recent study comparing the United States with Germany and the Netherlands, where Complete Streets are common, found that when compared per mile/kilometer traveled, bicyclist and pedestrian death rates are two to six times higher in the United States. Complete Streets therefore improve safety for all users. According to an international study, as the number and portion of people bicycling and walking increases, deaths and injuries decline. This is known as the safety in numbers hypothesis: more people walking and bikin g reduces the risk per trip. Complete Streets Policy: Yes/No? No Some Policy Details Lakeville does not have a ‘Complete Streets Policy.’ An ideal Complete Streets policy:  Includes a vision for how and why the community wants to complete its streets.  Specifies that ‘all users’ includes pedestrians, bicyclists and transit passengers of all ages and abilities, as well as trucks, buses and automobiles.  Applies to both new and retrofit projects, including design, planning, maintenance, and operations, for the entire right of way… For more details on an ideal policy, go to: http://www.smartgrowthamerica.org/complete-streets/changing-policy/policy-elements Possible Next Steps to Develop a Policy: The momentum that brought about Lakeville’s trail system could be leveraged to adapt a more comprehensive Complete Streets policy, attracting additional recognition for Lakeville’s work towards supporting functionality, safety, and aesthetics for non-vehicular transportation (walking, biking). Interest and demand for more walkable and bikeable communities is growing, and Lakeville’s traditional downtown has many amenities already in place to take advantage of Complete Streets design. For more information on Complete Streets Policy: National Complete Streets Coalition, Resources, Fundamentals: http://www.smartgrowthamerica.org/complete-streets/complete-streets-fundamentals/resources Released December 2016 | Communities for a Lifetime City Profile | Lakeville, Minnesota | 26 Dakota County cities with Complete Streets policies:  Apple Valley’s “Great Streets” concept: http://mn-applevalley.civicplus.com/DocumentCenter/Home/View/381  Eagan’s resolution: http://fresh-energy.org/wp/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/Eagan-Complete-Streets-Resolution.pdf How can cities realize not just the benefits of safe multi-use streets but also the economic benefits of bike and pedestrian-friendly Complete Streets? How might funding for Complete Streets projects be leveraged through increased inter-government coordination or public- private partnerships? Released December 2016 | Communities for a Lifetime City Profile | Lakeville, Minnesota | 27 MIXED-USE (OR SUBURBAN-INTENSITY) LAND POLICY Mixed land use is a critical component of an aging-friendly community, enhancing mobility and housing options, and offering several other community benefits all at once. Some are now referri ng to mixed use planning occurring in the suburban environment as Suburban -Intensity. The uses may be mixed vertically (in a common structure) or horizontally (in a common site or area). By putting a mix of residential, commercial, and recreational uses in close proximity to one another, alternatives to driving, such as walking or biking, become more attractive. At the same time, a denser, more sizable population makes public transit more viable. Incorporating multi-unit housing options into Suburban-Intensity areas provides residents with housing options and often more accessible and visitable homes. There are also public health, public safety, and economic benefits to Suburban -Intensity areas. Compact, walkable neighborhoods encourage more physical activity, with residents walking rather than driving to their destinations. And with more people and eyes on the street, people feel safer. Economic benefits include: rising property values, increasing local tax receipts, and increased foot - traffic for local businesses. Mixed-Use Land Policy: Yes/No? No Some Policy Details Lakeville does not have a Mixed-Use Land Policy. However, it does allow for Planned Unit Development Districts (PUD) for mixed use projects, and has a designated Central Business District Area – Commercial District (C-CBD) for high intensity commercial uses, including retail, service, and residential housing. PUD, Planned Unit Development District. The PUD District provides opportunities for flexibility in the application of established performance standards for the development of residential land uses, non- residential land uses or mixed use projects that would not otherwise be possible under conventional zoning. Establishment of a PUD District is defined to be a legislative act of the City Council based on the policies of the Comprehensive Plan. Application of a PUD District to areas guided by the Comprehensive Plan for low density residential uses is limited to areas of not less than 320 acres. PUD Districts should not be designated except in conjunction with a specific development proposal. C-CBD, Central Business District Area – Commercial District. The C-CBD District provides specifically for high intensity commercial uses located within the Central Business District of Lakeville. A full range of retail, service and office commercial uses are allowed in the C-CBD District. Possible Next Steps to Develop a Policy: At the present time, 0.05% of the land area of Lakeville is mixed-use, naming special areas guided as mixed-use to reflect specific plans for those developments. However, these are project-specific designations and do not set guidelines or standards for future mixed land use planning, which could help to increase the overall percentage in the years to come. Released December 2016 | Communities for a Lifetime City Profile | Lakeville, Minnesota | 28 For more information on Mixed-Use Land Policy: American Planning Association, Quick Notes, Zoning for Mixed Uses https://www.planning.org/pas/quicknotes/pdf/QN6.pdf Dakota County cities with Mixed-Use policies:  Apple Valley, Mixed Use (MU), 2030 Comprehensive Plan, Land Use (pg. 4-24) http://mn-applevalley.civicplus.com/DocumentCenter/Home/View/581  Mendota Heights: Mixed Use – Planned Unit Development (pg. 44) http://www.mendota-heights.com/vertical/sites/%7BA0FB05B5-4CF8-4485-84AA- 0C48D0BC98D7%7D/uploads/%7B604CF49D-F816-4882-A644-012E69A2AF23%7D.PDF  West St. Paul: Comprehensive Plan, Land Use Guide Plan, June 2009 (pg. 54) http://wspmn.gov/DocumentCenter/View/118  Burnsville: MIX Mixed Use District (Title 10-Zoning, Chapter 22C) http://www.sterlingcodifiers.com/codebook/index.php?book_id=468  South St. Paul: SSP/2030 South St. Paul Comprehensive Plan (pg. 69) http://www.southstpaul.org/DocumentCenter/View/526 Source: 2008 Comprehensive Land Use Plan, Planned Unit Development District (pg. 176): https://issuu.com/cityoflakeville/docs/compplan/39?e=7314852/5112001 The challenge in any city is balancing what the community wants and needs with what the market is demanding at the time and what developers are willing to build. How can Lakeville increase the number of mixed use developments that combine residential, retail, and commercial uses to increase housing and shopping options, and walkability for the benefit of all residents? What specific policies could the city implement to ensure that mixed-use designations are continually incorporated into future land use planning? Released December 2016 | Communities for a Lifetime City Profile | Lakeville, Minnesota | 29 BIKE WALK POLICY Bike walk policies focus on the safe, convenient, and enjoyable mobility of pedestrians, bicyclists, and people with disabilities who use assistive devices. These policies have much in common with Complete Streets policies, but focus more squarely on the needs and experience of pedestrians and non-motorized vehicles. Communities that have a bike walk policy or plan demonstrate that they place a high priority on planning methods and policies that favor alternative modes of travel. It also demonstrates a community’s commitment to public health and quality of life, two major benefits of biking and walking. Bike Pedestrian Plan: Yes/No? No Some Policy Details Lakeville does not have a Bike Pedestrian Plan. However, an integral part of the transportation system in the City of Lakeville is pedestrian and bicycle circulation. The City has approved a Comprehensive Parks, Trails, and Open Space Plan (2006), which provides detailed information on the existing and proposed trail and sidewalk systems. This document should be consulted whenever the construction, reconstruction or improvement of roadways in the City is considered because often parts of the trail and sidewalk systems are or will be built within roadway rights- of-way. In addition to the trails and sidewalks under City jurisdiction, other trails are proposed to pass through the City. The Draft 2030 Dakota County Park System Plan (January 2008) identifies several potential regional greenway trail corridors. Furthermore, the Dakota County Bikeway Plan also calls for the development of a trail corridor along Highview Avenue/Holyoke Avenue from Apple Valley to the Lakeville central business district. The City’s Comprehensive Parks, Trails, and Open Space Plan (2006) identified the following types of bicycle/pedestrian facilities:  A Multiple Purpose Trailway (MPTW) is a trail segment designed for the integration of a variety of compatible non-motorized trail uses. They will be a minimum ten-foot wide bituminous surface, located off-street on both sides of arterial and collector roadways, within street right-of-way.  A sidewalk is a five- to six-foot wide concrete pedestrian trail when placed in residential areas or an eight-foot concrete pedestrian trail when placed in commercial areas. These trail segments shall be reserved exclusively for pedestrian use and shall be located on both sides of minor collectors, one side of local streets, and both sides of streets in commercial areas.  Bike lanes are designated on-street trail segments for the exclusive use of bicyclists. They shall be eight-foot wide paved trail segments located on street shoulders on both sides of the street. Possible Next Steps to Develop a Policy: Developing a distinct and more robust bike pedestrian plan could further highlight the important strides made towards prioritizing pedestrians and bicyclists in Lakeville, while outlining specific policies and standards to ensure that the city’s goals of supporting walking and biking are realized going forward. Released December 2016 | Communities for a Lifetime City Profile | Lakeville, Minnesota | 30 For more information on Bike Pedestrian Plans: U.S. Department of Transportation, Bicycle and Pedestrian Transportation Planning Guidance http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/environment/bicycle_pedestrian/guidance/inter.cfm Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center, Sample Plans, see Local/County Plans http://www.pedbikeinfo.org/planning/sample_plans.cfm Dakota County cities with Bike Pedestrian plans:  South St. Paul: http://www.southstpaul.org/DocumentCenter/View/1039  Apple Valley: http://www.ci.apple-valley.mn.us/DocumentCenter/Home/View/327  West St. Paul: http://wspmn.gov/DocumentCenter/View/114  Rosemount: http://ci.rosemount.mn.us/index.aspx?NID=452 Source: Lakeville, 2006 Comprehensive Parks, Trails, & Open Space Plan http://ci.lakeville.mn.us/departments/departmentspdf/ParksPlan2006.pdf Two critical issues that are often overlooked in bike walk policies and plans are safe inter section crossings and the infrastructure needs of persons with physical disabilities who use assistive devices. Safe crossings are critical for people of all ages, from parents pushing strollers, to older residents using walkers. The installation of audible and visual countdown timers at intersections is an effective feature for many users. Many roadways and intersections are planned and maintained by different levels of government; therefore communication and coordination across jurisdictions is needed to make intersections as safe as possible. How is Lakeville addressing the need for safe street crossings as a part of system connectivity? And are assistive devices well - supported by the current pedestrian infrastructure and maintenance program?